Since TMF’s inception, wildlife management and conservation has been an important focus where TMF directs much of their work. East Africa is home to a diverse and unique collection of wildlife species that range from the endemic mountain nyala and gelada baboon to iconic megafauna such as cheetahs, elephants and lions. East Africa is also undergoing steady human population growth and rapid development as nations strive to increase their economies and become middle-income countries. Balancing the need to protect wildlife habitat while also promoting human growth and development requires strategic planning with effective tools and sound practices. TMF has been supporting this effort by providing training to wildlife management organizations, conducting wildlife research studies, fostering scientific scholar exchanges and funding and mentoring graduate student studies. The results of this work have led to the increased understanding of where critical wildlife habitat exists, guidance as to where to establish protected areas and identification of new wildlife populations in the region. TMF believes that providing effective wildlife management requires practitioners to consider the human dimensions of wildlife conservation and solutions should include needs of both people and wildlife.